A child under the age of 10 years cannot be charged with a criminal offence [Young Offenders Act 1993 s 5]. Between the ages of 10 and 14 years there is a presumption that a child does not have the capacity to know right from wrong and so cannot form an intention to carry out a criminal act. This is known as the common law doctrine of doli incapax. However, this can be rebutted by evidence to the contrary, as was done in a case where a 12 year old boy was charged with murder and evidence was admitted showing that he had an appreciation of right and wrong R v. M (1977) 16 SASR 589.

A victim of a crime committed by a person (including a child) may apply for compensation from the Criminal Injuries Compensation Fund for injuries suffered as a result of the crime. The Fund can then recover monies paid out to the victim from the offender, see criminal injuries compensation.